Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa

Synonyms:

Cereus spachianus
Echinopsis spachiana
Cereus santiaguensis
Echinopsis santiaguensis
Trichocereus santiaguensis

Habitat:

Trichocereus spachianus is native to Argentina, particularly thriving in the provinces of Salta, Tucumán, and Catamarca. These regions are characterized by semi-arid climates, where the cactus grows on rocky slopes and plains. The environment provides a combination of intense sunlight, minimal rainfall, and well-draining soils, which are ideal conditions for this species. The cactus often finds itself nestled among sparse vegetation, sharing its habitat with other drought-resistant plants. The natural habitat’s temperature fluctuations and occasional frosts contribute to the cactus’s hardiness, allowing it to withstand conditions that might be challenging for less resilient species.

Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa is a cultivar (selected and cultivated varieties by humans for specific desirable characteristics. These varieties can arise from natural selections or artificial crosses between different plants of the same species or, sometimes, between different species.

Description:

Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa is a fascinating and rare form of the more common Trichocereus spachianus. This monstrose variant exhibits unusual and irregular growth patterns that distinguish it from the typical columnar form. The plant features multiple undulating and contorted stems that can reach heights of up to 1.5 meters. Each stem, typically 5-10 centimeters in diameter, is marked by numerous irregularly spaced, tuberculate ridges rather than the well-defined ribs seen in the standard form. The color of the stems varies from bright green to a more subdued grayish-green, depending on the light exposure and age of the plant. The areoles, small, cushion-like structures from which spines and flowers emerge, are scattered across the ridges. Each areole may produce a few short, stout spines, typically no more than 1 centimeter in length, though some may be almost spineless. The cactus blooms in late spring to early summer, producing large, white, funnel-shaped flowers. These flowers are nocturnal, opening at dusk and closing by midday. They emit a pleasant fragrance that attracts nighttime pollinators such as moths. Each flower measures about 15-20 centimeters in diameter and is supported by a long, hairy floral tube. Following pollination, the plant produces oblong, fleshy fruits that contain numerous small black seeds.

Cultivation:

Cultivating Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa can be a rewarding experience for cactus enthusiasts due to its unique appearance and relatively easy care requirements. This cactus thrives in full sunlight, requiring at least 6 hours of direct light daily. In regions with extremely hot summers, providing some afternoon shade can prevent sunburn. A well-draining soil mix is crucial to prevent root rot. A recommended mix includes equal parts of cactus potting soil and coarse sand or perlite. Adding gravel or pumice can further enhance drainage. During the growing season (spring to early fall), water the cactus thoroughly when the soil is completely dry. Ensure the pot has drainage holes to allow excess water to escape. Reduce watering significantly in the winter, only providing enough to prevent shriveling. This species is frost-tolerant and can withstand temperatures down to -5°C. However, it’s best to protect it from prolonged freezing conditions. During the growing season, temperatures between 20°C and 30°C are ideal. Feed the cactus with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Avoid fertilizing in the winter. Common pests include mealybugs and spider mites. Regularly inspect the plant and treat any infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases. Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant outgrows its pot. Handle the plant carefully to avoid damaging its delicate stems.

Propagation:

Propagation of Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa can also be achieved through grafting onto sturdier rootstocks. This method is particularly useful for enhancing the growth and resilience of the monstrous form. To graft the plant:

Rootstock preparation: Choose a healthy and robust rootstock, preferably of a closely related cactus species. Ensure it is at least as wide as the monstrous plant segment you wish to graft.

Monstrous plant preparation: Carefully take a healthy segment of Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa, ensuring the cut is clean and free from damage.

Callusing: Allow the cut of the monstrous plant segment to dry for several days in a cool, dry place. This helps form a callused surface that reduces the risk of infection during grafting.

Grafting: Once callused, position the monstrous plant segment onto the rootstock. Ensure the cuts align as closely as possible to maximize tissue contact.

Securing: Use grafting tape or ties to securely fasten the grafted segment to the rootstock. Ensure the segment is stable and well-positioned.

Post-graft care: After grafting, avoid overwatering the plant for the first few weeks. Gradually increase moisture and monitor growth to ensure successful grafting.

Grafting allows maintaining the unique characteristics of Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa while benefiting from the strength and resilience of the selected rootstock.

Curiosity:

Trichocereus spachianus f. supermostruosa is particularly prized among collectors for its bizarre and sculptural growth patterns. Each plant develops its unique form, making no two specimens alike. This cactus, with its unpredictable twists and turns, often becomes a striking centerpiece in cactus collections and rock gardens. Additionally, the nocturnal blooms of this cactus add an element of surprise and beauty to any garden, providing a fleeting but memorable display.

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