Synonyms:

Cereus viridiflorus
Echinocactus viridiflorus
Echinocereus viridiflorus var. viridiflorus

Habitat:

Echinocereus viridiflorus, commonly known as the green-flowered hedgehog cactus, is native to various regions in the United States, including Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. It has also been documented in the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Coahuila, as well as in Colorado, USA. Remarkably, this species extends further north than any other member of its genus, thriving in the cooler reaches of the Great Plains grasslands, stretching all the way to South Dakota, and even venturing into the mountainous terrains of New Mexico and central Colorado.

This resilient cactus is adaptable to a wide range of altitudes, flourishing at elevations spanning from 900 to 2,700 meters above sea level. It demonstrates remarkable ecological versatility, populating grasslands, mountain parklands, and areas with pinyon and juniper woodlands. It particularly favors gravelly soils found in foothills, plains, and washes, whether within grassland expanses or along the fringes of woodlands.

Echinocereus viridiflorus exhibits a robust presence throughout its extensive range, with no significant threats currently identified. Additionally, many protected areas provide sanctuary for this species, contributing to its classification as a species of Least Concern in terms of conservation status. Furthermore, due to its aesthetic appeal, this cactus is frequently cultivated for ornamental purposes, further cementing its significance in horticulture.

Description:

Echinocereus viridiflorus is a complex species encompassing a diverse array of infraspecific taxa. These variants exhibit distinctive combinations of traits, including flower color, spine hue, quantity and thickness of central spines, and even differences in floral scent. In areas where these variants coexist, they often blend together, freely hybridizing in controlled environments like greenhouses.

This species boasts numerous recognized varieties and subspecies. Among them are the nominate form, subsp. chloranthus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor, subsp. correllii (L.D.Benson) W.Blum & Mich.Lange, subsp. cylindricus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor, and subsp. davisii (Houghton) N.P.Taylor. Each of these subspecies exhibits distinct characteristics that set them apart within this complex species.
Here below is a general description of Echinocereus viridiflorus. They stand tall, their stems rising like stout pillars or short, cylindrical columns, measuring anywhere from 8 to 35 centimeters in height and 2.8 to 9 centimeters in width. These sturdy structures exhibit distinctive ridges, numbering between 10 to 20, creating gentle waves along their surface. Delicate clusters of prickly spines emerge from spaced areoles, their colors a vibrant palette of red-and-white, red-and-yellow, yellow-and-white, or even purplish hues, with the tips often bearing a darker shade. These remarkable plants boast a multitude of spines, ranging from 18 to a striking 55 per areole. Some spines stand stiff and straight, while others exhibit a graceful curve. They may even be arranged like the teeth of a comb. These spines vary in length and color, with radial spines reaching out like protective arms, measuring between 2 to 18 millimeters, while central spines, though fewer in number, can extend from a mere 3 millimeters to an astonishing 40 millimeters.
Now, envision the splendid blossoms that adorn these plants. Their vibrant colors burst forth, with petals stretching to 3.5 centimeters in length and 3 centimeters in width. The flower tube, akin to a delicate trumpet, measures between 5 to 15 millimeters in diameter and 5 to 12 millimeters in length. Soft hairs adorn the inner surface, adding an extra layer of charm. The inner tepals, ranging from shades of yellow to earthy brown, often display hints of yellowish green or even a captivating brick red. Some may even bear slender stripes of deep purplish maroon. These tepals taper delicately to their tips, lending an air of fragility to their vibrant display.
As the seasons progress, flowers turn into fruits. These fruits, ranging in color from pale yellowish green to deep shades of green, dark purple, or even tinged with a reddish hue, measure between 6 to 17 millimeters. Within, a white pulp awaits, a delightful contrast to the outer hues.

Cultivation:

Cultivating and propagating Echinocereus viridiflorus, the green-flowered hedgehog cactus, is a straightforward process that yields rewarding results. To ensure the regular blossoming of its charming small green flowers, it’s crucial to provide a suitable winter dormancy period. However, it’s worth noting that this cactus is sensitive to excessive watering and can be prone to rot if the soil remains overly saturated. Hence, it’s imperative to ensure the presence of excellent drainage in its planting medium. During the winter months, it thrives when kept in drier and cooler conditions. For Echinocereus viridiflorus, the prime spot is typically under the full, invigorating embrace of the sun, out in the open air. While some species may appreciate a touch of dappled sunlight, Echinocereus viridiflorus, being one of the Echinocereus species from high altitudes, displays an impressive hardiness, as it can withstand very cold temperatures, enduring even as low as -20°C or less for short durations. This resilience allows it to thrive in environments where winters can be quite harsh. Even when thoroughly dried, they stand strong just above freezing. When it comes to watering, these remarkable plants are not ones for extravagance. The ritual begins in March, once the plant’s buds have fully unfurled, and continues through October. A modest sprinkling every 10-15 days does the trick, ensuring just the right amount of moisture. For their nurturing soil, a special blend for cacti is the ticket to success. As for fertilizing, the approach should be more reserved, tailored to the specific needs of each species.

Propagation:

Reproduction primarily occurs through the patient endeavor of growing from seed. However, in certain instances, the plant generously provides pollen that can be utilized for propagation. Should one opt for this method, a key consideration is allowing the wound to thoroughly dry (typically 2-3 days) before nestling the cuttings into a bed of sandy, moist soil. This thoughtful approach sets the stage for new growth and flourishing succulents.

Curiosity:

In a botanical sense, the broader classification of Echinocereus viridiflorus may exhibit a paraphyletic relationship with Echinocereus davisii. However, despite their potential genetic proximity, they are distinguished by distinct reproductive behaviors in the wild. E. davisii takes the stage with its earlier flowering, creating a temporal separation that contributes to their reproductive isolation. This intriguing phenomenon underscores the complex interplay of genetics and behavior in the natural world.

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